Hepatocyte Paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1) Antibody Review

 

 

 

Introduction

  • specific for hepatocyte mitochondria, is considered the most specific and sensitive marker of normal and neoplastic hepatocytes and has been used in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinomas. PMID: 15272534, PMID: 14668552, PMID: 11732796, PMID: 17001880, PMID: 11404191

  • the most sensitive and specific positive marker of hepatocellular differentiation. PMID: 12502967

  • well-known marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PMID: 16220294, PMID: 15499598

  • Hep Par 1 is a highly specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although several nonhepatic tumors occasionally can show some Hep Par 1 positivity. PMID: 15491968

  • a useful marker to differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other types of adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver. PMID: 15491968

  • a moderately sensitive (82%) and highly specific (100%) immunomarker for intestinal metaplasia (IM) in Barrett esophagus (BE). PMID: 15918175

Normal Expression

  • Hep Par 1 bound exclusively to the mitochondria of hepatocytes but not to those of the renal tubular epithelium. PMID: 16707373, PMID: 12502967

  • Heppar-1 immunoexpression was cytoplasmic and granular and was seen only focally in the glandular fragments. PMID: 15918175

  • Normal intestinal epithelial cells were strongly labelled, particularly at the base of crypts. However, epithelial cells in small intestinal neoplasms had variable reactivity for Hep Par 1. In contrast, normal colonic epithelium was seldom labelled, but hyperplastic or neoplastic colonic epithelium was usually reactive to Hep Par 1. Hep Par 1 staining was diffuse, granular and cytoplasmic. PMID: 12814187

Abnormal Expression

  • All of the hepatoblastomas expressed Hep Par 1 with a characteristic granular intracytoplasmic pattern that was generally less intense in embryonal-type than in fetal-type hepatoblastomas, perhaps reflecting the degree of hepatocyte differentiation. PMID: 9796718

  • Recent data suggest that the specificity of Hep Par 1 for hepatic neoplasms is not absolute; nonhepatic neoplasms might express this marker. PMID: 15272534

  • Hep Par 1 is a highly sensitive marker of hepatocellular differentiation as demonstrated by the expression in gastric tumours with hepatoid histotype. However, the frequent reaction with neoplastic cells of gastric and bowel carcinomas shows a low grade of specificity of this antibody. PMID: 12408340

Function

  • strong Hep Par 1 expression, presence of CD10can labeling, and absence of CD10cyt staining are favorable prognostic factors in HCC, which can be easily combined into a single immunohistochemical score for routine clinical use. PMID: 16220294

  • Hepatocyte paraffin 1, however, is not useful in distinguishing metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma from primary ovarian hepatoid carcinoma or hepatoid yolk sac tumor. PMID: 14668552

Applications

 

Electron Microscopy (EM)

  • We studied the antibodies hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1) and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1; clone 8G7G3/1) in normal human liver tissue with immunoelectron microscopy using renal tubules as control samples. PMID: 16707373

Immunocytochemistry (ICC)

  • authors investigated the role of hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Heppar-1) immunostaining as a possible marker of IM in cytologic samples of BE. PMID: 15918175

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

  • we conducted a retrospective analysis of 97 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded HCC from patients treated by surgery with curative intent, using standard immunohistochemical procedures and semiquantitative analysis for Hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1). PMID: 16220294

  • immunohistochemical results revealed a significantly higher expression of cytokeratin 7 and a significantly lower expression of hepatocyte paraffin 1 in scirrhous HCC than in ordinary HCC (P<0.0001, respectively). PMID: 16178893

  • We report a case of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma to the skin that was confirmed immunohistochemically by the expression of a hepatomitochondria-specific antigen detectable on paraffin-embedded sections (Hep Par 1). PMID: 14744089

  • Immunostaining with monoclonal antibody (MoAb) hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1) and an MoAb to cytokeratin 7 (CK7) was performed on 105 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine hyperplastic and neoplastic hepatic lesions. PMID: 11732796

  • Slides were stained for HP1 by the avidin-biotin complex method following antigen retrieval. The percentage of malignant cells that exhibited coarse granular staining in the cytoplasm was estimated for all cases of HCC, poorly differentiated HCC, and metastatic adenocarcinoma. PMID: 11507703

  • We studied 7 hepatoid adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (6 gastric and 1 from the gallbladder) for Hep Par 1 immunoreactivity. PMID: 11345832

  • We immunohistochemically studied pCEA, monoclonal CEA (mCEA), and Hep Par 1 on 12 hepatoblastomas (3 fetal type, 2 embryonal type, and 7 mixed epithelial type). PMID: 9796718

  • We evaluated by immunohistochemistry the specificity of Hep Par 1, studying the presence of the epitope that reacts with Hep Par 1 in primary gastric and colorectal cancers. PMID: 12408340

Western Blot (WB)

  • Western blot analysis with cellular proteins extracted from normal human liver and thyroid tissue demonstrated that Hep Par 1 and TTF-1 (8G7G3/1) bound to a protein band of approximately 150 kd in liver cells. PMID: 16707373