Ki-67 Antibody Review

 

 

 

Introduction

  • a protein related to cell proliferation and is expressed in cell nuclei throughout the entire cell cycle except G0. PMID: 16398461, PMID: 16151588, PMID: 7822817

  • a protein detected in G1, S, G2 and M phases of the cell cycle, but not in G0, and thus, is a widely accepted proliferation marker and to be useful in predicting the development of Human tumors. PMID: 16295759, PMID: 12777207, PMID: 12355204, PMID: 7822817

  • present in all dividing cells of normal and tumor tissues, but absent in resting cells. PMID: 15104289

  • a proliferation index, as it is expressed only by dividing cells. PMID: 14758126

  • not all cells containing the Ki-67 antigen are actively proliferating cells and we advise against the use of Ki-67 in studies on cells that overexpress p53 or p21. PMID: 9661919

  • a human nuclear protein the expression of which is strictly associated with cell proliferation and which is widely used in routine pathology as a "proliferation marker" to measure the growth fraction of cells in human tumors. PMID: 8227122

Comparison of Ki-67 with Other Proliferation Markers (BrdU, PCNA)

  • in both normal and abnormal states, the proportion of megakaryocytes expressing Mcm-2 is roughly seven times as many as those that express Ki-67. PMID: 16281941

  • both ISH for histone mRNA and IHC with Ki-67 (MIB-5) are preferable techniques for assessment of cell proliferation in rat paraffin-embedded renewing tissues compared to PCNA IHC. They can substitute for BrdU IHC when necessary. PMID: 14623936

  • MIB-1 is closely associated with BrdU in clinicopathologic findings and is a more useful tool for evaluating cell proliferation than PCNA. PMID: 9110347

  • The labelling indices determined by histone NISH and BrdU incorporation were similar, whereas that of Ki67 IHC was four times greater. PMID: 7718451

  • an evaluation of Ki-67 expression is the most valuable cell proliferation marker comparing with PCNA. PMID: 15039910

  • LI values were significantly ranked in the order PCNA>Ki-67>BrdU. However, the correlation of Ki-67 or PCNA as compared to BrdU LI values was only moderate in the combined group [approximately 0.5, Spearman rank test] as well as in most subgroups, whilst it was very poor in the group of primary mammary cancers. These observations indicate that Ki-67 or PCNA LIs as markers of proliferation do not evenly match in vivo BrdU labelling. PMID: 12752223

  • Ki-67 was, like BrdU, a useful marker for proliferative potential in canine mast cell tumours; moreover, its use did not require the prior administration of any reagent to the live animal. PMID: 12443730

  • mAgNOR counting in fine needle aspiration smears is more sensitive, simple and cost effective as compared to Ki-67 LI for differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid follicular neoplasms. PMID: 12199321

  • PCNA, Ki-67 indices and AgNOR scores correlated with each other and with tumor grade and stage. PMID: 12090340

  • Quantitative comparison of BrdU and Ki-67-positive cells showed 50% higher numbers of the latter when examined 24 h after the BrdU injection. This was expected, since BrdU can be incorporated into DNA only during the S-phase of the mitotic process, whereas Ki-67 is expressed for its whole duration. Experimental increases (by ischemia) or reductions (by radiation) in the number of mitotic cells produced parallel changes in BrdU and Ki-67 signals. Thus, Ki-67 is an effective mitotic marker and has most of the benefits of BrdU and none of the costs. PMID: 11897369

  • the first report on a positive correlation between tumor proliferation indices in BrdUrd LIs and Ki-67 in colorectal carcinomas. PMID: 11432668

  • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 labeling in hepatocellular nodules: a comparative study. PMID: 9928768

  • in general, the Ki-67 indices were lower than those for PCNA. MIB-1 immunoreactivity showed less variation and was more intense than that seen with PC10. Although both of the antibodies reflected the state of growth of neoplastic cells in astrocytomas, MIB-1 was more reliable. PMID: 9713592

  • BrdUrd index of DNA synthesis in S-phase correlates highly with the MIB-1 index of the growth fraction, and both indices correlate well with other parameters of tumor aggressiveness. PMID: 9696398

  • Careful consideration is required in the assessment of cell proliferation using PCNA. The immunostaining of Ki-67 may be more accurate than that of PCNA for evaluating cell proliferation in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. PMID: 9439969

  • We have compared the detection of colonic proliferating cells in normal mucosa and adenomata using the PC10 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to PCNA and the Mib-1 mAb to Ki-67 in formalin-fixed tissues using antigen retrieval solutions with microwaving. The PC10 antibody showed variable immunostaining of proliferating and nonproliferating cells with minor changes in primary antibody concentration or microwave conditions and between normal and adenomatous tissue. In contrast, Mib-1 immunostaining was quite constant with differing antigen retrieval and antibody conditions and similar staining of proliferating cells in colonic adenomas. Some loss of immunoreactivity occurred if the cut sections were not immunostained within approximately 1 week. These data suggest that whereas PCNA immunohistochemistry is satisfactory when carefully controlled in large chemopreventive studies, the Mib-1 mAb to Ki-67 is superior to PCNA antibodies in immunostaining proliferating cells in the formalin-fixed human colon. PMID: 9037564

  • In all biopsies PCNA-labelling index exceeded that of Ki-67-labelling index. Lower unspecific binding and lower influence on proliferation activity by inflammation prompts us to prefer Ki-67 (MIB 1). PMID: 8781908

  • results show a good correlation between the BUdR and MIB-1 proliferation markers (rs = 0.72; P < .0001), which supports the use of anti-MIB-1 as an alternative labeling tool to BUdR for the determination of the proliferation index in meningiomas, thus avoiding the administration of a potentially mutagenic drug. PMID: 8617477

  • both intra- and interpatient variation in proliferation index was greater for BrdUrd labelling than for MIB-1 expression. PMID: 8652743

  • MIB-1 antibody is an excellent tool for assessment of proliferative rate of breast cancer cells in paraffin sections. PMID: 9097711

  • data show that the distinction between high, medium and low values seen with BrdUrd labelling was retained when Ki-67 immunostaining was analysed. PCNA immunostaining resulted in high levels of labelling and the different levels of labelling seen with BrdUrd and Ki-67 were largely lost. PMID: 8839702

  • PCNA LI was higher than that obtained with anti-Ki-67 antibody and the intensity of staining for PCNA was more variable. The statistically significant difference of the percentage of PCNA LIs was found only between low grade (I and II) and high grade (III and IV) tumours, while Ki-67 LIs discriminates each group of glial tumours; thus this latter marker is more sensitive and specific. PMID: 8800324

  • Ki-67 immunohistochemistry using MIB-1 monoclonal antibody provides a powerful tool, even in rabbit species, for the detection of replicative smooth muscle cells during the repair of arterial injury and that it detects replicative cells more accurately than PCNA immunohistochemistry. PMID: 7491659

  • MIB-1 monoclonal antibody provides in formation analogous to or even better than that obtained with Ki-67 antibody on frozen ones. Moreover, it represents a valuable tool to obtain kinetic data on "routine" histological samples and, above all, to give prognostic evaluations on the clinical outcome of breast cancer patients. PMID: 8669852

  • A more intense nuclear staining pattern with less heterogeneity was observed for MIB-1 compared with PCNA, suggesting the antibody of choice, on formal saline-fixed tissues, is MIB-1, which closely correlated with Ki-67, a marker we have previously shown to be of prognostic value in prostatic carcinoma. PMID: 7797424

  • PCNA and Ki-67 expression appear to reflect essentially the same biological process as BrdUrd uptake. Either can substitute for BrdUrd as a measure of cellular proliferation, and Ki-67 seems to offer the fewest technical problems. PMID: 7855002

  • PCNA (PC-10) immunostaining typically overestimated the proliferative rate of brain tumors when compared with flow cytometry. There was an exact correlation between PC-10 and MIB-1 in only 4 cases, whereas in the remaining specimens, PC-10 results were always higher than MIB-1. PMID: 7562003

  • Standard immunoperoxidase techniques were used to identify Ki-67 and PCNA. The proteins generally co-localized, although PCNA was usually represented in more cells than Ki-67. Early in gestation the cell columns contained many labeled cells. The cytotrophoblastic shell was occupied by numerous cells with PCNA positive nuclei, but few were reactive for Ki-67. PMID: 7894071

  • Analysis of different cell cycle compartments indicates that the observed difference in the positivity of these markers was due to their differential expression in the G0/1 segment of the cell cycle. We conclude that Ki-67 may better reflect the proliferative activity in solid neoplasms than does PCNA. PMID: 7851161

  • cell proliferation can be reliably evaluated on cytologic preparations; PCNA may behave as a Ki-67-like reagent in some tumors, and PCNA may sometimes overestimate the cell growth fraction assessed by Ki-67 immunoreactivity. PMID: 7910728

Normal Expression

  • The expression of the human Ki-67 protein is strictly associated with cell proliferation. During interphase, the antigen can be exclusively detected within the nucleus, whereas in mitosis most of the protein is relocated to the surface of the chromosomes. The fact that the Ki-67 protein is present during all active phases of the cell cycle (G(1), S, G(2), and mitosis), but is absent from resting cells (G(0)), makes it an excellent marker for determining the so-called growth fraction of a given cell population. PMID: 10653597

  • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 are two of the nuclear markers used to demonstrate the proliferative phase of the cell cycle. PMID: 12125971

  • Ki-67 antigen was localized in the nucleus where it was associated with heterochromatin and euchromatin. It was also observed in nucleoli in all cases. Cytoplasmic localization of Ki-67 antigen was similar to that of PCNA. PMID: 10824607

  • After fertilization, male and female pronuclei exhibited very little or no pKi-67, while polar bodies were pKi-67 positive. Towards the end of the first cell cycle, prophase chromosomes of male and female pronuclei simultaneously got decorated with pKi-67. In 2-cell embryos, the distribution pattern changed, presumably depending on the progress of development of the embryo, from a distribution all over the nucleus to a preferential location in the nucleolus precursor bodies (NPBs). From the 4-cell stage onwards, pKi-67 showed the regular nuclear relocations known from somatic tissues: during mitosis the protein was found covering the chromosome arms as a constituent of the perichromosomal layer, in early G1 it was distributed in the whole nucleus, and for the rest of the cell cycle it was associated with NPBs or with the nucleolus. PMID: 15237214

  • MIB-1 and p27(Kip1) were expressed in normal kidney tissues and in the three main components of Wilms' tumor, i.e., the blastemal, epithelial, and stromal cells. PMID: 14760081

  • MIB-1 mAb reacts with the nuclei of proliferating cells, as in humans. The proliferative index was far from representative, but we were able to give a range of values concerning the proliferative activity of normal tissues. This study serves as a basis for the expression of the Ki-67 antigen by normal canine tissues in order to visualize the proliferative compartments and, thus, allows its application as a proliferative marker in routine veterinarian histopathology. PMID: 9741148

  • we have compared Ki-67 expression (detected with MIB1 antibody) with PCNA expression (detected with PC10 antibody) in biopsies of normal human epidermis fixed in neutral formalin and using antigen retrieval by microwave processing. PMID: 9732159

  • In normal seminiferous epithelium Ki-67 is expressed in nuclei of spermatogonia, while PCNA additionally occurs in nuclei of primary spermatocytes. PMID: 9570268

  • Developmental expression of Ki-67 antigen and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in macaque placentas. PMID: 7894071

  • We used a new Ki-67 equivalent antibody (MIB 1) and a formalin fixation of smears and trephine biopsies, and we report 52.8% +/- 9.2 SD of the normal BM cells to stain for MIB-1. PMID: 7918058

Abnormal Expression

  • tumoral proliferative activity evaluated by the detection of the Ki-67 antigen is significantly higher in invasive than noninvasive adenomas. PMID: 14762579

  • mean index derived for the invasive fronts (29.75 11.64) was significantly higher than the mean index for the body of these tumours (25.65 11.64). mean index derived for the invasive fronts (29.75 11.64) was significantly higher than the mean index for the body of these tumours (25.65 11.64). PMID: 14521519

  • Ki-67 antigen expression in large intestine adenocarcinomas was inversely correlated to survival of the patients. Ki-67 proved to be a better prognostic marker, as compared to MT, in large intestine adenocarcinomas. PMID: 12647790

  • highest PCNA and Ki-67 LI values were detected in medulloblastoma, malignant meningioma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) and glioblastoma (GBM) groups, while pilocytic astrocytoma, meningioma, craniopharyngioma and oligodendroglioma showed the lowest values. PMID: 12125971

  • In high grade dysplasia and carcinoma, the distribution of Ki-67 positive cells was diffuse throughout the full length of the crypt, whereas low grade dysplasia and epithelium indefinite for dysplasia, as well as regenerative epithelium, showed an expanded basal zone. PMID: 10193513

  • PCNA and Ki-67 immunostaining was more striking in cytomegalovirus CMV-immunoreactive, inclusion-free cell nuclei, whereas cell nuclei exhibiting well-developed CMV inclusions either showed a weak peripheral signal for both proliferation markers, or were completely negative. PMID: 9614380

  • In bone tumors, the level of Ki-67 expression correlates with the level of malignancy and is diagnostically and prognostically useful. PMID: 7828130

Function

  • a reliable microscopic marker to predict metastatic potential of rectal carcinoids. PMID: 16984615

  • These data strongly suggest a role for pKi-67 in the early steps of rRNA synthesis. PMID: 16206250

  • a reliable and stable marker of proliferation for middle ear cholesteatoma. PMID: 16137526

  • cytologic evaluation of liver together with Ki-67 immunochemistry can improve the diagnostic accuracy of cytology for liver neoplasia. PMID: 15902664

  • Ki-67 was a good marker of cell proliferation status of the tumours, but did not correlate with recurrence; thus, hTERT alone seemed to be a potential predictor for recurrence. PMID: 15679862

  • expression of Ki-67 is a factor of poor prognosis for survival in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). PMID: 15545971

  • proliferating index detected by Ki-67 antigen immunostaining is a useful factor for predicting the survival of patients with ovarian cancer. PMID: 15673959

  • proliferative activity, assessed by Ki-67 LI, and the histologic pattern, according to WHO classification system, seems to represent reliable parameters in the prognosis of thymic epithelial tumors. PMID: 15494865

  • significantly elevated Ki-67 antigen expression in LMS, which correlates well with the rapid growth of these malignant tumors, may be a useful immunohistochemical parameter to distinguish between cases of malignant smooth muscle tumors and those of uncertain or borderline histology. PMID: 15488127

  • Ki-67 index can be considered a reliable parameter for assessment of cell proliferation rate in adenoma biopsies and may be used for postoperative patient management considerations. PMID: 15480830

  • prove as a useful adjunctive test to routine Pap smear in triage of patients harboring lesions of cervix. PMID: 15471112

  • Ki-67 expression might be a predictor of efficacy of rituximab plus chemotherapy. PMID: 15363034

  • proliferation, as measured by Ki-67 index, should be considered as a prognostic marker in clinical management of pleomorphic soft tissue sarcomas. PMID: 15309631

  • In multiple myeloma, apart from being a marker of proliferative activity, Ki-67 is also associated with bone marrow angiogenesis and tumour burden. PMID: 15280408

  • assessment of Ki-67 index in intracranial ependymoma is useful for outcome prediction in the routine diagnostic setting. PMID: 15223962

  • immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and p53 may help distinguish endometrial Arias-Stella reaction from clear cell carcinoma and other types of high-grade carcinoma. PMID: 15213598

  • expression of Ki-67 antigen or CEA there may be a useful indicators of patients' survival in Dukes' C colorectal cancer. PMID: 15050740

  • Ki-67 index to be a reliable indicator of growth fraction and useful to estimate the cell kinetics of irradiated tumors in vivo. The growth fraction estimated by Ki-67 index during radiotherapy is expected to be useful in predicting tumor response to radiation therapy. PMID: 15015583

  • Ki-67 determination during routine pathological analysis of bone marrow in newly diagnosed MM could provide useful information about the proliferative activity and prognosis of the disease. PMID: 14758126

  • Tumour Ki-67 (MIB-1) reactivity after 1 month of immunotherapy appears to be a significant predictor of patient survival. PMID: 14760375

  • both MIB-1-based proliferative activity and p27(Kip1) protein expression in the blastema have prognostic impact in Wilms' tumor. PMID: 14760081

  • Ki-67 index can be used safely as a proliferation marker in cervical carcinomas, and changes in the Ki-67 index during the early course of radiotherapy may predict the metastatic potential. PMID: 12807242

  • immunolabeling of Ki-67 in the luminal compartment of non-invasive lesions having the potential to evolve to malignancy, may have prognostic implications. PMID: 12777207

  • PCNA and especially Ki-67 may be useful as tumour markers in prostate carcinoma. PMID: 12533969

  • metastatic disease in synovial sarcoma is closely related to MIB-1 index. PMID: 10468301

  • Ki-67 labelling index can be considered a useful marker in determining the invasive behaviour of anterior pituitary adenomas. PMID: 10396237

  • Ki-67 is a useful prognostic tool in the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma patients irrespective of the cut-point value. PMID: 10070895

  • MIB-1 immunoreactivity is useful in distinguishing grade II from grade III gliomas. PMID: 9258255

  • Ki-67 expression is a potentially useful prognostic factor in prostatic adenocarcinoma and it could be used as an additional criterion in defining a correct prognostic category in this malignancy. MIB-1 also appears to be a prognostic marker of recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. PMID: 9412797, PMID: 8976256, PMID: 8709308

  • Ki-67 LI is an independent prognostic factor for patients with transitional cell bladder cancer treated by radical cystectomy. PMID: 9406248

  • Ki-67 expression is an independent prognostic factor in renal adenocarcinoma and could be applied in defining proper therapy for patients suffering from this malignancy. PMID: 9129930

  • Ki-67 antigen expression correlated highly with the progression of malignancy in ampullary lesions. Computed quantitation of Ki-67 was more sensitive than visual quantitation, especially in differentiating between low and high grade adenocarcinomas. PMID: 8908312

  • Ki-67 appears to be an effective indicator of prognosis in breast cancer and could be of assistance in the decision making of adjuvant therapy in node negative patients. PMID: 8750528

  • Ki-67 (MIB-1) immunolabelling using archival paraffin-embedded samples is of value in predicting prognosis in astrocytic tumours. PMID: 7884589

Applications

 

Electron Microscopy (EM)

  • Streptavidin-gold was used for the immunolocalization of PCNA and Ki-67 antigen at the ultrastructural level with a postembedding technique in biopsies of 15 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 10824607

  • Immunoelectron-microscopic localization of a proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 in MCF-7 cells. PMID: 2262344

ELISA

  • Ki-67 ELISA was found to be a reliable quantitative method to assess proliferation of cultured human cells in vitro. PMID: 15348057

  • Improved ELISA proliferation assay (EPA) for the detection of in vitro cell proliferation by a new Ki-67-antigen directed monoclonal antibody (Ki-S3). PMID: 9617830

  • A new ELISA system for the estimation of cell proliferation based on the detection of the Ki-67 protein is described. PMID: 7822817

Flow Cytometry (FC)

  • Thirty one patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 antibody for tumor cell kinetics in the early period of radiation therapy. PMID: 11724315

  • We investigated the DNA ploidy pattern, cell cycle and the percentage of Ki-67 positive fractions in fresh surgical material from 17 benign and 33 malignant thyroid tumours using flow cytometry. PMID: 10478606

  • Flow cytometric analysis of Ki-67 in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: correlation with tumor and patient characteristics. PMID: 10373666

  • Evidence for quiescent S- and G2-phase cells in human colorectal carcinomas: a flow cytometric study with the Ki-67 antibody. PMID: 7626686

  • we compared Ki-67 and PCNA expression in 93 malignant solid neoplasms using bivariate flow cytometric analysis of these antigens and DNA content. PMID: 7851161

  • Quantification of Ki-67 immunofluorescence signal by flow cytometry revealed highest Ki-67 levels in mitotic cells. PMID: 2262344

Immunocytochemistry (ICC)

  • Immunocytochemical study of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker in canine mammary neoplasia. PMID: 15048623

  • Immunocytochemical detection of Ki-67 is recommended for previously unstained cytologic specimens. PMID: 12199320

  • Proliferation in the gastric epithelium of bovine abomasum during foetal development as revealed by Ki-67 immunocytochemistry. PMID: 11447942

  • MIB-1 (Ki-67) immunostaining of breast cancer cells in cytologic smears. PMID: 9100748

  • Air-dried cervical smears were stained with MIB-1 antibody to identify the Ki-67 antigen. PMID: 9062149

  • using the Ki-67-specific MIB-1 monoclonal antibody on slides prepared by cytocentrifugation of cultured A375 melanoma cells. PMID: 11173587

  • Flow cytometric multiparameter analysis of two proliferation-associated nuclear antigens (proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin and Ki-67) was performed on seven human hematopoietic cell lines. PMID: 1967582

  • Simultaneous flow cytometric analysis of surface markers and nuclear Ki-67 antigen in leukemia and lymphoma. PMID: 2684579

  • A flow cytometric method for measuring lymphocyte proliferation directly from tissue culture plates using Ki-67 and propidium iodide. PMID: 2960745

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

  • Proliferative activity of lymphoma cells was tested by immunocytochemical staining with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody in 63 aspirates of peripheral lymph nodes sampled from patients suffering from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. PMID: 16645233

  • One hundred and seventeen primary melanomas and 18 metastatic tissue samples were analysed for immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, Bcl-2 and p53. PMID: 16179864

  • we examined by immunohistochemistry the proliferative activity, based on Ki-67 labeling index (Ki67LI), in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of 152 tumors, being 70 gastric and 89 colorectal cancers. PMID: 16151588

  • Archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from a cohort of 106 patients who underwent curative resection for colorectal carcinoma were analysed to determine a Ki-67 (MIB-1)-derived proliferation index (PI) using a double immunostaining technique. PMID: 15931661

  • new Ki-67 immunostaining (Ultrarapid-Ki67) method on frozen sections can be carried out in 10 minutes. PMID: 15735157

  • Tissue sections were fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution, embedded in paraffin and stained immunohistochemically with anti-human Ki-67 and PCNA antibodies. PMID: 15638377

  • Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 in mast cell tumors from dogs. PMID: 14567425

  • Immunohistochemistry using the anti-Ki-67 antibody MIB-1 was performed on 434 breast carcinoma specimens from the International Breast Cancer Study Group (formerly Ludwig) Trial V. PMID: 12599241

  • Immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibody against Ki-67 was performed in 38 nodes positive breast carcinomas and in their respective positive ALNs. PMID: 12500929

  • Ki-67 staining in oral squamous cell carcinomas was investigated by immunohistochemical expression in 329 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity due to a formamide pretreatment. PMID: 12037387

  • Comparison of Ki-67 equivalent antibodies - MIB-1 antibody appears to have a higher sensitivity for detecting the Ki-67 antigen than the other three tested antibodies. PMID: 12037032

  • An immunohistochemical evaluation of Ki-67 in dentigerous cysts, unicystic ameloblastomas, and ameloblastomas arising in dentigerous cysts was done. PMID: 11833688

  • To evaluate the prognostic value of proliferative maker Ki-67, its expression was determined immunohistochemically in 37 gallbladder carcinomas (GBCs). PMID: 11804747

  • Different antigen unmasking techniques lead to significant differences in immunohistochemical staining of Ki-67 (Mib-1) in renal cell carcinomas. PMID: 11748449

  • method of measuring Ki-67 expression by DAB staining combined with optical enhancement filters and quantification via computer-assisted image analysis techniques produced objective and reproducible results. PMID: 11444192

  • Thirty-two ameloblastoma tissues were immunohistochemically studied using monoclonal anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and anti-Ki-67 antibodies. PMID: 11167148

  • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 (MIB1) proteins were detected immunohistochemically with a biotin-streptavidin amplified detection system on a representative tissue section from each tumour. PMID: 10208729

  • Immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 and PCNA in canine mammary tumors: relationship to clinical and pathologic variables. PMID: 9683072

  • Stereological estimation of mean nuclear volume and staining pattern of Ki-67 antigen in keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas. PMID: 9653912

  • The monoclonal antibody MIB1 recognizing the Ki-67 antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue was used to study the proliferative activity in 44 adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary glands. PMID: 9111386

  • Polyclonal Ki-67 antibody immunostaining provides significant survival information that complements that derived by other markers of cell proliferation and tumor staging. PMID: 7743475